Graduate Record Examination (GRE)

Graduate Record Examination (GRE)

Key points
* The GRE is a standardized test used by many graduate and business schools to assess readiness for advanced study.
* It measures Verbal Reasoning, Quantitative Reasoning, and Analytical Writing.
* Verbal and Quantitative scores range from 130–170; combined they form a 260–340 score. Analytical Writing is scored 0–6.
* The current test is condensed to about two hours and is offered at testing centers and at home.
* Typical cost is $220 (U.S. and most countries); higher in China and India.

What the GRE measures
The GRE evaluates core academic skills that graduate programs consider predictive of success:
* Verbal Reasoning: reading comprehension, critical reasoning, and vocabulary in context.
* Quantitative Reasoning: problem solving using algebra, geometry, and data analysis.
* Analytical Writing: ability to articulate complex ideas, construct arguments, and support claims with evidence.

Test format and timing
The GRE General Test is organized into sections for writing, verbal, and quantitative tasks. The current testing time is roughly 1 hour and 58 minutes and includes:
* Analytical Writing (essay tasks)
* Two Verbal Reasoning sections
* Two Quantitative Reasoning sections

The exam is delivered at testing centers or via a monitored at-home option where available. The structure and number of questions were condensed in recent revisions to shorten overall testing time.

Scoring
* Verbal Reasoning: 130–170 (1-point increments)
* Quantitative Reasoning: 130–170 (1-point increments)
* Analytical Writing: 0–6 (half-point increments); an average of two task scores
* Reported composite score: the sum of the Verbal and Quantitative scores (260–340). Analytical Writing is reported separately.

Admissions use
* Graduate schools commonly use GRE scores as one part of admissions decisions; many programs weigh GRE results alongside transcripts, recommendations, research experience, and interviews.
* Some programs require or recommend GRE Subject Tests; currently offered subjects include physics, psychology, and mathematics.
* Business schools often accept GRE scores in lieu of the GMAT; some still prefer the GMAT, especially for applicants to competitive MBA programs. The GMAT and GRE differ in question styles and perceived difficulty in certain sections.

Registration, cost, and score reporting
* Register via the ETS website with a free account. You must register at least two calendar days before a test date.
* Cost: typically $220 (U.S. and most countries). Exceptions include China (~$231.30) and India (22,550 INR). Check ETS for the latest fees by country.
* ScoreSelect lets you choose which test dates’ scores to send to schools so you can submit your best results.
* Retake rules: you may retake the GRE after a 21-day waiting period and up to five times within any rolling 12-month period.

Preparing for the GRE
* ETS provides free resources: official practice tests, math reviews, and instructional videos.
* Paid ETS materials and many third-party prep courses are available for focused practice (practice tests, section drills, and writing feedback).
* Typical preparation includes timed practice tests, review of fundamental math and grammar concepts, and practice essays to build analytical-writing skills.

Common questions
How long is the GRE?
* About 1 hour and 58 minutes of testing time under the current format.

Can I retake the GRE?
* Yes. Wait 21 days between attempts and no more than five attempts in a rolling 12-month period.

Can I send only my best GRE scores?
* Yes. Use ScoreSelect to choose which test scores to send to institutions.

Do all programs require the GRE?
* No. Some programs have eliminated the GRE requirement or made it optional. Check each program’s admissions policies.

Bottom line
The GRE is a widely used, standardized assessment of verbal, quantitative, and analytical writing skills for graduate and some business programs. Understanding the test format, scoring, registration rules, and available preparation resources helps applicants plan effective study strategies and submit scores that strengthen their applications.